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OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of electroacupuncture on postpartum uterine contraction pain and uterine involution.@*METHODS@#A total of 80 patients with postpartum uterine contraction pain were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 40 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with electroacupuncture at Dahe (KI 12), Zhongzhu (KI 15), Hegu (LI 4), Xuehai (SP 10), etc. for 30 min, once a day, 3 days were as one course, and 2 courses with 1-day interval were required. The control group was treated with oral @*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the VAS scores of 24, 48, 72 h into treatment and after treatment were decreased in both groups (@*CONCLUSION@#Electroacupuncture can effectively relieve postpartum uterine contraction pain, accelerate the discharge of residual uterine hemorrhage in the uterine cavity, and promote uterine involution.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Acupuncture Points , Electroacupuncture , Pain , Postpartum Period , Uterine ContractionABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#Apios americana, a plant used as a staple ingredient of native American diets, has various properties, including anti-cancer, anti-hyperglycemic, hypotensive, and anti-inflammatory activity. In Japan, Apios is used as a post-natal medication. After parturition, women undergo a period of recovery as they return to pre-pregnancy conditions. However, few health products that aid post-partum recovery are on the market. We explored whether Apios can accelerate the post-partum recovery process, in particular the involution of the uterus.@*METHODS@#Female rats kept in individual cages were mated with two male rats, with the exception of the control group (female rats without mating, on basal diet; n=6). After delivery, rats were divided into five groups based on their diet: basal diet (model; n=6); basal diet+oral intake at 5.4 g/kg of Chanfukang granules (a Chinese patent medicine preparation for post-partum lochia) (positive; n=6); basal diet containing 10% Apios powder (low; n=6); basal diet containing 20% Apios powder (medium; n=6); basal diet containing 40% Apios powder (high; n=6). Five days later, uteri and spleens were weighed. Uterus and spleen indices for each rat were calculated by dividing visceral weight by the total weight. Hormone and cytokine concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Histological analysis of uteri was completed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases and inhibitors in uteri was measured by western blotting.@*RESULTS@#Our results showed that Apios treatment reduced the post-partum uterus index and regulated the hormone concentrations. Moreover, we found that the process of uterine involution was accelerated, based on morphological changes in the uterus. In addition, our results indicated that Apios alleviated the inflammatory response induced by the involution process. Transforming growth factor β was also found to be regulated by Apios. There were significant downregulation of matrix metalloproteinases and upregulation of their inhibitors by Apios, which suggested that Apios increased the rate of the collagen clearance process.@*CONCLUSIONS@#These results, based on experimental observations at the molecular and protein levels, verified our hypothesis that Apios can improve uterine involution, and demonstrated the potential application of Apios in post-partum care.
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Objective: Apios americana, a plant used as a staple ingredient of native American diets, has various properties, including anti-cancer, anti-hyperglycemic, hypotensive, and anti-inflammatory activity. In Japan, Apios is used as a post-natal medication. After parturition, women undergo a period of recovery as they return to pre-pregnancy conditions. However, few health products that aid post-partum recovery are on the market. We explored whether Apios can accelerate the post-partum recovery process, in particular the involution of the uterus. Methods: Female rats kept in individual cages were mated with two male rats, with the exception of the control group (female rats without mating, on basal diet; n=6). After delivery, rats were divided into five groups based on their diet: basal diet (model; n=6); basal diet+oral intake at 5.4 g/kg of Chanfukang granules (a Chinese patent medicine preparation for post-partum lochia) (positive; n=6); basal diet containing 10% Apios powder (low; n=6); basal diet containing 20% Apios powder (medium; n=6); basal diet containing 40% Apios powder (high; n=6). Five days later, uteri and spleens were weighed. Uterus and spleen indices for each rat were calculated by dividing visceral weight by the total weight. Hormone and cytokine concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Histological analysis of uteri was completed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases and inhibitors in uteri was measured by western blotting. Results: Our results showed that Apios treatment reduced the post-partum uterus index and regulated the hormone concentrations. Moreover, we found that the process of uterine involution was accelerated, based on morphological changes in the uterus. In addition, our results indicated that Apios alleviated the inflammatory response induced by the involution process. Transforming growth factor ß was also found to be regulated by Apios. There were significant downregulation of matrix metalloproteinases and upregulation of their inhibitors by Apios, which suggested that Apios increased the rate of the collagen clearance process. Conclusions: These results, based on experimental observations at the molecular and protein levels, verified our hypothesis that Apios can improve uterine involution, and demonstrated the potential application of Apios in post-partum care.
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ABSTRACT Dairy activity is of great importance for the national economy. It is also an important source of income for families in the south east region of Paraná that work in this area. There has been a notable expansion in the activities as well as in the quantity of production and the quality of the products. With this has come problems in the reproductive efficiency of the dairy cattle principally in relation to those with the greatest production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive profile and the reproductive efficiency of dairy cows. The evaluation covered 30 days before calving and 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days after the calving. The study covered cows from two properties in the Municipality of Realza-PR in Brazil. In order to do the aforementioned, we used the Body Condition Score (BCS). We evaluated the production of milk and through the use of gynecological exams and we looked at uterine involution (UI) and ovarian cyclicality. The results showed falls in the BCS in the prepartum period and in the first weeks of lactation (p<0.05) and the differences in the BCS were based on the season of the year in which the calving took place (p<0.05) with the highest BCS being noted to occur in the hot seasons. The UI correlates with the presence of corpus luteum where animals were late in their uterine involution and had delays in their first postpartum ovulation (p<0.05). The average service period and calving interval were similar to those described for dairy cattle, however, we observed variations based on the seasons of the year which was possibly related to the greater availability and quality of the forage in the hot seasons.
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OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of Compound yimucao oral liquid combined with oxytocin in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage and promotion of uterine involution for puerpera of vaginal delivery. METHODS:240 preg-nants with natural childbirth of vaginal delivery were randomly divided into control group and observation group. Control group was injected oxytocin 20 U in buttock after delivery. Observation group was additionally treated with Compound yimucao oral liquid 20 ml,tid for consecutive 2 weeks. Postpartum vaginal bleeding,uterine involution and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:Compared with control group,postpartum hemorrhage volume after delivery 2-24 h,incidence of post-partum hemorrhage,uterus size,uterine hemorrhage and lochia duration in postpartum 42 d in observation group were significantly better than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P0.05). There were no fever,rash,nausea and other obvious adverse reactions in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Compound yimucao oral liquid combined with oxytocin can obviously decrease the postpartum bleeding and promote uterine involution,with good safety.
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To observe the clinical effect of compound Yimucao oral liquid on postpartum lochiorrhea. Methods:A to-tal of 200 patients with postpartum lochiorrhea were randomly divided into the observation group ( 100 cases ) and the control group (100 cases). The patients in the observation group received 20ml compound Yimucao oral liquid three times a day for seven days, while those in the control group were given 15g Yimucao granules three times a day for seven days. After the treatment, the duration, amount, color and quality of lochia, lower abdominal pain, uterine involution and the status of postpartum infection in the two groups were compared. Results: The total effective rate in the observation (94. 0%) was higher than that in the control group(84. 0%). Compared with that in the control group, less average hemostasis time, better situation of abdominal pain, uterine involution and lower postpartum infection rate in the observation group were observed after the treatment(P<0. 05). Conclusion:Compound Yimucao oral liquid can promote the uterine involution. It’ s effective and safe in the treatment of postpartum lochirrhea.
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Introduction: Thymus is an asymmetrical bilobed mass of lymphoid tissue.It is the most important component of superior medistinum. Embryologically it develops as a bilobed structure from the third pharyngeal pouches of embryo in common with inferior parathyroid gland. It is clinically important for differential diagnosis of radiological review of mediastinal mass. Its persistence in adults, its embryological and anatomical features are necessary before doing any invasive procedures. Materials And Methods:The study was carried out on six embalmed formalin fixed cadavers of known age and sex in Anatomy Department of Kanyakumari Government Medical College, Nagercoil, Tamilnadu. A large bilobed thymus was found in a 40 year old male cadaver. Result And Conclusion: Thus we found a large bilobed thymus in 40 year old male cadaver.This fact is clinically important for radiologist to make differential diagnosis in case of mediastinal mass.A thorough knowledge of embryology and anatomy of the thymus,normal variations and ectopic location of thymus and its dynamic changes is neccesary before doing any therapeutic,diagnostic and invasive procedures.
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The aim of this study was to compare the reproductive efficiency in dairy cows with retained placenta (RP), treated with Florfenicol associated or not with Cloprostenol. One hundred and eight cows with RP from dairy herds in southern Minas Gerais state and northern São Paulo state, were included for this purpose. The experiment was designed in factorial 2X2 . The four treatments encompassed two levels of each factor : 1 ) Florfenicol - 4 0mg/kg ( IM) divided in two injections or 40mg / kg ( SC) in one injection after calving; 2) Cloprostenol (0.530mg) - two injections associated with florfenicol treatment or without cloprostenol. The analysis of discrete variables used the Kruskal - Wallis (fou r groups) or Wilcoxon (two groups) statistic to compare groups. The Student "T" test was used to compare means of continuous variables. The overall occurrence of RP was 20.7%. The florfenicol groups had no effects on postpartum uterine health or subsequent reproductive efficiency of the cows. The cloprostenol injections of RP hastened the uterine involution and decreased the occurrence of uterine infection, and increased the percentage of animals with corpus luteum between 25 and 40 days after parturition. The intervals from parturition to first artificial insemination (AI) and to conception, as well as the number of AI per conception were reduced in the cloprostenol treatment.
Subject(s)
Animals , Placenta/anatomy & histology , Uterus/anatomy & histology , Cattle/classificationABSTRACT
Objective To study lobular involution of tissues around breast tumor,and to assess the consistency of lobular involution of tissues from different parts of the breast.Methods 22 patients receiving breast conservation surgery in Breast Surgery Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from Dec.1 st,2010to Dec.1 st,2011 were collected.88 pieces of HE staining were measured in terms of lobular area and number of acini per lobular,and lobular involution was evaluated.Bivatiate correlation analysis was applied to explore correlation between lobular area and acini per lobular.ANOVA,crosstabs and reliability analysis were applied to explore involution consistency of different parts of breast (P ＜ 0.05).Results The average area of lobuli was (90 248.5 +56 909.4) μm2 and the number of acini was 25.68 ± 18.86 per lobular.The lobular area and number of acini were correlated with each other significantly(Pearson r =0.78,P ＜ 0.01).Involution status of different parts of breast had good consistency(for lobular area 19 cases showed no difference in ANOVA analysis and for lobular area/number of acini 18 cases showed no difference; Kappa coefficient =0.65; ICC =0.73).Conelusions Lobuli around breast tumor have comparatively poor involution,with big lobuli and large number of acini,which are correlated with each other.Involution status of different parts of a breast has good consistency.Biopsy from one site to evaluate involution extent of the whole breast is practicable.
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El timo es un órgano linfoide central o primario localizado en la parte anterosuperior del tórax. Constituye el principal sitio de diferenciación y maduración de las células T. En esta revisión se detallan aspectos actuales de la embriología, la histología y la función tímica y en la generación de los diferentes subtipos de timocitos y su diferenciación a células T maduras efectoras, la inducción de las células T tímicas reguladoras involucradas en el mantenimiento de la tolerancia a lo propio y la involución que sufre este órgano durante el proceso de inmunosenescencia
Thymus is a primary organ located in the antesuperior area of the torax. It is the principal place of differentiation and maduration of T cells. In this review present aspects of the embriology, histology and thymic function are detailed, as well as its role in the generation of different kinds of thymic cells; its differentiation to mature cells and of regulator T cells has a crucial role in tolerance induction. Moreover, thymic involution during of immunosenescence process is shown
Subject(s)
Humans , Organogenesis/physiology , DiGeorge Syndrome/history , Thymus Gland/physiopathology , AgingABSTRACT
Age associated decline of the immune system continues to be a major health concern. All components of innate and adaptive immunity are adversely affected to lesser or greater extent by ageing resulting in an overall decline of immunocompetence. As a result in the aged population, there is increased susceptibility to infection, poor responses to vaccination, and increased incidence of autoreactivity. There is an increasing focus on the role of T cells during ageing because of their impact on the overall immune responses. A steady decline in the production of fresh naïve T cells, more restricted T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire and weak activation of T cells are some of the effects of ageing. In this review we summarize our present understanding of the effects of ageing on naïve CD4 T cells and potential approaches for therapeutic interventions to restore protective immunity in the aged population.
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Foram avaliadas 103 vacas da raça Holandesa de primeira, segunda ou terceira ordens de lactação, com o objetivo de comparar aspectos reprodutivos e produtivos dos animais com puerpério normal ou patológico. Exames ginecológicos foram realizados semanalmente, do parto ao final do puerpério, por meio de palpação transretal, ultrassonografia e vaginoscopia. As incidências de partos gemelares, partos auxiliados, retenção de placenta e infecções uterinas até o primeiro serviço foram de 11,7%, 20,4%, 38,8% e 75%, respectivamente. A involução uterina e a primeira ovulação ocorreram aos 33,5±11,1 e 43,6±21,5 dias após o parto, respectivamente, com diferenças (P<0,001) entre vacas com ou sem infecção uterina. O primeiro serviço ocorreu aos 75,9±31,0 dias após o parto e a taxa de gestação foi de 20,7%. A produção de leite diária foi de 27,9±7,3 litros por vaca até 42 dias após o parto. O prejuízo com a redução na produtividade e o descarte do leite contaminado com resíduos de antibiótico foi equivalente a 598 litros de leite por vaca com retenção de placenta e infecção uterina. A alta incidência de transtornos puerperais interferiu na fertilidade e na produção de leite, causando elevado impacto econômico para a propriedade.
The study was performed with 103 Holstein cows of first, second or third orders of lactation, and aimed to compare reproductive and productive parameters of animals with normal or pathological puerperium. Uterine and ovarian examinations were performed weekly until 42 days after parturition, by rectal palpation, vaginoscopy and ultrasonography. The incidence of twin pregnancies, assisted births, retained placenta, and uterine infection until the first service, were 11.7%, 20.4%, 38.8% and 75%, respectively. Uterine involution and detection of the first corpus luteum occurred at 33.5±11.1 and 43.6±21.5 days after parturition, respectively, and differed (P<0.01) between cows with or without uterine infection. The first artificial insemination occurred in average at 75.9±31.0 days after parturition, and the pregnancy rate was 20.7%. Average daily milk yield was 27.9±7.3 liters/cow until 42 days after parturition. Financial losses related to decreased milk production and discarding of milk contaminated with antibiotic residues corresponded to 598 liters of milk/cow presenting retained placenta and uterine infection. The high incidence of puerperal diseases negatively affected the fertility and milk production, causing large economic impact to the milk production system.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle , Cattle/growth & development , Infections/pathology , Infections/veterinary , Ovarian Diseases/veterinaryABSTRACT
Transrectal Doppler sonography was used to evaluate uterine blood flow during the first two weeks after parturition in six primiparous Simmental cows. The uterine blood flow was evaluated on the day of parturition (Day 0), once daily from Days 1 to 8 and then every other day until Day 14. Blood flow was quantified by determining the diameter (D), the time-averaged maximum velocity (TAMV), the pulsatility index (PI) and the blood flow volume (BFV) of the uterine arteries ipsilateral and contralateral to the formerly pregnant uterine horn. During the first four days after calving D, TAMV and BFV declined (ipsilateral: TAMV 70%, BFV 87%, contralateral: D 47%, BFV 84%; p +/-0.75, p < 0.05), with negative correlations with PI and positive correlations with all other investigated factors. Overall, this study revealed characteristic changes in uterine perfusion during the first two weeks after parturition in cows that were pronounced during the first four days postpartum.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Female , Blood Flow Velocity/veterinary , Parturition , Postpartum Period , Pulse Wave Analysis/veterinary , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color/methods , Uterine Artery/anatomy & histology , Uterus/blood supplyABSTRACT
With the age increasing,the lobules in women's breasts undergo progressive involution or regression,which is called age-related lobular involution.It's a physiologic and irreversible process,while the rate and extent of involution vary considerably among individual women.It has been hypothesized that the extent of age-related lobular involution is strongly associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer,and there are some associations between lobular involution and risk factors of breast cancer.
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The aim was to evaluate and compare the microbiological and cellular profile of the milk of Santa Ines ewes during the lactation period and the active involution. Milk samples were analyzed from 12 ewes during these distinct periods. Clinical examination of the mammary gland, somatic cell count (SCC), California Mastitis Test (CMT), bacteriologic screening and sensibility of the pathogens in vitro were performed. Most alterations were observed in the active involution period. SCC and CMT were higher in this same period. Besides this, a high persistency of infection occurred. The active involution period did not show high susceptibility. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the only isolated bacteria. A high antimicrobial sensibility of these pathogens was also encountered.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o perfil microbiológico e celular do leite no período lactante e de involução ativa de ovelhas da raça Santa Inês. Foram avaliadas amostras lácteas de 12 ovelhas durante estes distintos períodos. Realizou-se o exame físico da mama, sendo as amostras lácteas submetidas à contagem de células somáticas (CCS), ao California Mastitis Test (CMT), ao exame microbiológico e aos testes de sensibilidade in vitro dos patógenos encontrados. Foram observados maiores escores do exame físico, CCS, CMT durante o período de involução ativa, além de uma alta persistência da infecção durante estes períodos. O período de involução ativa não se mostrou como um momento de alta susceptilidade. Os estafilococos coagulase negativa representaram o único gênero isolado das glândulas infectadas. Uma alta sensibilidade dos agentes etiológicos envolvidos frente aos diferentes antimicrobianos in vitro foi também observada.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cell Count , Coagulase/isolation & purification , Milk/microbiology , Mastitis , SheepABSTRACT
Objective To explore the mechanism of Fuke Zhixuexiaotong Keli in rats model of incomplete puerperal involution of uterus by detecting the expression of metalloproteinases-9(MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1) in the uterine redintegration incomplete model.Methods Seventy-two SD female rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:blank group,model group,Chanfukang group,and high-,middle-,low-dose of Fuke Zhixuexiaotong Keli group.The model of incomplete puerperal involution of uterus was established,and MMP-9,TIMP-1 gene expression level in each group were detected by in situ hybridization detection of uterine tissue.Results The expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 could be successfully detected in each group.The expression of MMP-9 in model group was significantly higher than the control group,and the expression of TIMP-1 was lower.The mRNA of MMP-9 gene was significantly decreased in both high-,middle-and low-dose of Fuke Zhixuexiaotong Keli group and Chanfukang group(P
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Objective:To compare the curative effect of uterine body oxytocin injection and motherwort with oxytocin on preventing the cesarean and postpartum hemorrhage and promoting the involution of uterus.Methods:160 cases of cesarean inpatients were randomly divided into the experimental and controlled groups respectively.All the cesarean patients accepted their lower uterine segment transverse caesarean section within the fascia.The controlled group got the uterine body injection of 10 units of oxytocin after the fetus was delivered,and then got another 10 units of intramuscular oxytocin injection,every 12 hours at a time,totally 6 times.The experimental group got their extra uterine body injection of 20mg motherwort,and then got another 20mg of intra-muscular motherwort injection,every 12 hours at a time,totally 6 times.The volume and case of puerperal and postpartum hemorrhage and involution of uterus were observed.Results:The comparison showed that the volume and cases of puerperal and post-natal 2-hour and post-natal 24-hour hemorrhage of the experiment group were significandy fewer than those of the controlled group,(P
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PURPOSE: Conservative management of multicystic dysplastic kidney(MCDK) without nephrectomy has recently been advocated. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical course of conservatively managed MCDK and to find out possible predictive factors for involution of MCDK by ultrasonography(US). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made on 46 patients(26 boys and 20 girls) in whom MCDK was detected and had been traced by US between Dec. 1993 and Aug. 2005 at Severance Hospital. RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 30 months(range 2-102 months). All patients underwent radionuclide scans and voiding cystourethrograms. The serial follow-up US showed complete involution in 11(24%), partial involution in 19(41%), and no interval change or increased in cyst size in 13(28%) patients. Nephrectomy was done in 3 patients(7%) due to relapsing urinary tract infection(UTI) and severe abdominal distension. The mean age of complete involution of MCDK was 37 months(range 12-84 months). Episodes of UTI were present in 17 patients(37%) and additional genitourinary(GU) abnormalities were found in 22 patients(44%). Hypertension and renal insufficiency was complicated in one patient. No child developed malignant tumor. Univariate analysis showed that five variables were associated with complete involution of the MCDK; gender, site, UTI episode, additional GU abnormalities, and renal length on initial US. After adjusting using the Pearson model, the presence of additional GU abnormalities was exclusively associated with complete involution among the 5 variables(P=0.034). CONCLUSION: In our review of 46 cases of MCDK, non-surgical approach for patients with MCDK was advisable and we could predict poor prognosis when MCDK is associated with other GU anomalies.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Follow-Up Studies , Hypertension , Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney , Nephrectomy , Prognosis , Renal Insufficiency , Retrospective Studies , Ultrasonography , Urinary TractABSTRACT
Neonatal Hemangioendothelioma (HE) is the most common type of hepatic vascular tumor that presents in infancy. HE generally undergo spontaneous regression within a year, but it may become symptomatic and be associated with life-threatening complications including congestive heart failure, consumptive coagulopathy and hepatic rupture. We report five cases of neonatal hepatic HE with brief review of the literatures. The report include a case of HE associated with AV malformation complicated by congestive heart failure who was successfully treated by hepatic artery embolization, a case of HE associated with transposition of great artery (TGA), and three cases of asymptomatic HE with spontaneous involution.
Subject(s)
Arteries , Heart Failure , Hemangioendothelioma , Hepatic Artery , RuptureABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effect on uterine involution in caesarean section.Methods:1230 cases of primipara were divided into group A(cesarean section,n=650),group B(spontaneous delivery,n=580),measuring the level of uterine fundus,descending speed of uterine fundus,observing the duration of lochia,routinely screening of uterine involution.Results:There was significant t difference between the two groups with regard to the average decending speed of uterine fundus within 5 days after delivery,group B was superior to group A;After 42 days,The cases whose lochia disappeared were 61.8%and 92.4%in group A and group B in turn;The day 5,30 and 42 ultrasound measurement of uterine volum,showing significant difference(P